Can I just pick the aphids off?

If the tree is small, you can wipe them off with a damp cloth. For larger trees, a hose spray is better.

Is the sticky stuff harmful?

The sticky substance is honeydew, which can attract ants or lead to sooty mold. It is best to wash it off.

Why are my goat willow leaves curling up? Causes and fixes

Check these first

Look for tiny insects on the underside of curled leaves.
Check the soil moisture level with your finger.
Feel the leaves to see if they are sticky.

Likely causes

Aphid Infestation
Most likely
How to tell: You will see tiny green or black insects on the undersides of leaves. The leaves look distorted and sticky from the honeydew they leave behind.
What to do: Spray the leaves with a strong stream of water to knock the aphids off. If they persist, apply insecticidal soap every 5 to 7 days until they are gone. Make sure to coat the undersides of the leaves thoroughly.
Water Stress
Possible
How to tell: The leaves curl inward and feel dry or brittle to the touch. The soil feels bone dry several inches down.
What to do: Water the tree deeply until the soil is damp but not soggy. Maintain a schedule of every 3 to 7 days depending on the weather. Add a layer of mulch to help the soil retain moisture.

Curling leaves on other plants

Find out what's wrong with your goat willow

The list above covers the usual causes. Pocket Botanist looks at a photo of your actual plant and tells you the likely cause, how serious it is, and what to try first. Identification and a health check are free.

When to worry

If the entire tree is covered in sticky residue and the leaves are severely stunted, the infestation is heavy. A few curled leaves at the tips are usually manageable.

Stopping it coming back

Check your tree weekly during the spring when new growth is tender. Encourage ladybugs in your garden as they eat aphids naturally.

Goat willow: curling leaves? Check yours with a photo

Every plant is a little different. Take a photo of your goat willow and Pocket Botanist tells you which cause is most likely, how serious it is, and what to try first. A few checks a day are free. Save the plant and you get care reminders timed for it.

Get the app · Or check it from a photo now, free

Questions people ask

Can I just pick the aphids off?: If the tree is small, you can wipe them off with a damp cloth. For larger trees, a hose spray is better.
Is the sticky stuff harmful?: The sticky substance is honeydew, which can attract ants or lead to sooty mold. It is best to wash it off.

Guides to these causes

Aphids

Why are my goat willow leaves curling up?

Check these first

Not sure what's wrong with your goat willow?