Are these pests harmful to the tree?

Yes, heavy infestations can weaken the tree over time. It is best to manage them early.

Should I use chemical pesticides?

Try physical removal or mild soaps first. Harsh chemicals can harm beneficial insects in your garden.

What are the bugs on my Tree of heaven?

Check these first

Examine the undersides of the leaves for small insects.
Check the bark for sticky residue or egg masses.
Look for ants, which often follow honeydew producing pests.

Likely causes

Spotted Lanternfly
Most likely
How to tell: You see small, colorful nymphs or winged adults congregating on the bark and leaves. They often leave behind a sticky residue called honeydew.
What to do: Scrape egg masses off the bark during winter. Use a strong stream of water to wash off nymphs or apply an insecticidal soap if the infestation is heavy.
Scale Insects
Possible
How to tell: Small, bump like growths appear on the stems or leaf undersides. They look like tiny brown or tan shells.
What to do: Gently scrape them off with a soft brush. For larger infestations, apply neem oil or horticultural oil during the dormant season.

When to worry

Worry if you see significant branch dieback or heavy sooty mold growth. A few bugs are usually manageable.

Stopping it coming back

Keep the tree healthy and monitor the bark regularly for new egg masses.

Not sure which one it is? Photograph your tree of heaven.

This page lists the usual causes. Pocket Botanist looks at your actual leaf and tells you the likely cause, how serious it is, and what to try first. Identification and a health check are free.

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Questions people ask

Are these pests harmful to the tree?: Yes, heavy infestations can weaken the tree over time. It is best to manage them early.
Should I use chemical pesticides?: Try physical removal or mild soaps first. Harsh chemicals can harm beneficial insects in your garden.